Diseases of the Oesophagus

The esophagus is the muscular tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Several diseases and conditions can affect the esophagus, leading to various symptoms. Here are some common diseases of the esophagus:

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD):

Chronic condition where stomach acid regularly flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation and symptoms such as heartburn.

Esophagitis:

Inflammation of the esophagus, often caused by irritation from stomach acid. It can result from conditions like GERD, infections, or certain medications.

Barrett's Esophagus:

A condition in which the normal tissue lining the esophagus is replaced by tissue similar to that of the intestines. It is often associated with long-term GERD and increases the risk of esophageal cancer.

Esophageal Cancer:

Cancer that develops in the cells of the esophagus. There are two main types: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

Esophageal Stricture:

Narrowing of the esophagus, which can be caused by scar tissue from chronic inflammation, such as in GERD or due to other factors like tumors.

Achalasia:

A disorder of the esophagus where the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) doesn't relax properly, leading to difficulty in swallowing, chest pain, and regurgitation.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE):

Chronic immune system disease characterized by inflammation of the esophagus, often in response to allergens.

Hiatal Hernia:

A condition where a portion of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest cavity, which can contribute to GERD symptoms.

Esophageal Varices:

Dilated blood vessels in the esophagus that can result from liver disease, leading to the risk of severe bleeding.

Globus Sensation:

The feeling of a lump or foreign body in the throat without an apparent physical cause. It is often associated with stress, anxiety, or GERD.

Reflux Esophagitis:

Inflammation of the esophagus due to stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus. It is a common manifestation of GERD.

If you experience persistent symptoms related to the esophagus, such as difficulty swallowing, chest pain, or heartburn, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management. The specific treatment will depend on the underlying cause of the esophageal condition.