PCOS is often diagnosed in the 20s and 30s, and it can develop later in life. It can develop at any time after puberty, and triggers are linked to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, with lifestyle factors like diet, obesity, and stress playing a significant role.
PCOS does not have a cure, but its symptoms can be managed through a combination of lifestyle changes and medical treatments. The symptoms of PCOS can start around the time of the first menstrual period.
What is PCOS?
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an issue with hormones that happens during the reproductive years. If you have PCOS, you may not have periods regularly. Or you may have periods that last many days, or you may also have too much of a hormone called androgen in the body.
In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), small, fluid-filled sacs called follicles develop along the outer edge of the ovary instead of maturing and releasing an egg. These are often referred to as cysts and are caused by hormonal imbalances that prevent ovulation. Symptoms of PCOS are:
Irregular Periods
Having irregular periods is one of the major symptoms of PCOS, along with fluctuations in weight. Having periods that last for many days or longer than is typical for a period needs to be noted and discussed with a PCOS specialist.
Too Much Androgen
Androgens are a class of sex hormones responsible for developing and maintaining male characteristics in both males and females. The most well-known androgen is testosterone.
High levels of these hormones may result in excess facial and body hair. This is known as hirsutism. Severe acne and male-pattern baldness can also be a result of this.
Polycystic Ovaries
Ovaries might be bigger, and many follicles containing immature eggs may develop around the edge of the ovary. The ovaries might not work the way they should.
If you are obese, the symptoms can be more severe, so try maintaining a healthy weight.
PCOS: What Triggers It?
| Causes | Explained |
| Insulin Resistance | The pancreas makes a hormone name insulin. It allows cells to use energy, so it is the body’s primary energy supply. If cells become resistant to the action of insulin, blood sugar levels can go up. This can lead the body to make more insulin to try to bring down the blood sugar level. Too much insulin might cause the body to make much of the male hormone androgen. Trouble wth ovulation may happen, the process where eggs are released from the ovary. |
| Low-Grade Inflammation | Low-grade inflammation can trigger PCOS by contributing to hormonal imbalances, particularly through the stimulation of excess androgen production. Factors like obesity, insulin resistance, and a dysregulated gut microbiome can induce systemic inflammation, which in turn negatively impacts the ovaries, disrupts follicular development, and worsens the hormonal and metabolic issues characteristic of PCOS. |
| Genetics | Genetics contribute to PCOS by influencing the production of sex hormones and insulin, as well as other biological processes. Variations in multiple genes can increase a person’s risk, with common culprits affecting androgen production, insulin regulation, and inflammation pathways. While a single gene is not the sole cause, a combination of inherited gene variants, which can be passed down from either parent, increases susceptibility to the condition. |
If you are gaining weight or facing fluctuations in weight, it is better to consult a PCOS specialist. Increased appetite is also a factor of PCOS.
FAQs: PCOS and Complications Management
Q1. Can weight loss help manage symptoms of PCOS?
A modest weight loss of even 5% can improve symptoms, regulate periods, and increase the effectiveness of medications.
Q2. How to promote a diet for PCOS?
To promote a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) diet, focus on managing insulin resistance and inflammation, which are key drivers of PCOS symptoms. Emphasise whole, unprocessed foods that are high in fibre, lean protein, and healthy fats, while avoiding refined carbohydrates, processed foods, and sugary drinks.
Q3. What activities should be limited in PCOS?
You should limit high-stress activities, a sedentary lifestyle, and excessive caffeine and alcohol consumption when you have PCOS. You should also limit foods high in processed sugars, refined carbohydrates, and unhealthy fats, such as fried foods, red meat, and sugary drinks.
Final Thoughts
At Chermside, you can get guidance on maintaining your lifestyle with PCOS. The experts will examine your symptoms and recommend a diet or exercises to limit the complications and control symptoms. A PCOS specialist better understands what the best things are for PCOS.